Origin of the double item

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The double entry probably originated in the region of Tuscany before the end of the thirteenth century , the earliest example of its use are the public accounts of the city of Genoa in 1340 . 9 In the fifteenth century , it seems that the bankers and traders Tuscan possessed a highly developed or more than that used by the Venetians, and different in some important points of these accounting technique. Nevertheless it was the accounting to the Venetian that imposed, thanks to the printing press , that allowed its diffusion before any other.

The Renaissance

In the Renaissance , the emergence of the concept of productive capital and the development of credit, laid the necessary foundations for the development of an accounting system. First comes the accounts that reflected the credits and debits of the people. By extension, it was thought to carry one account for all property owned and another to present the gains or losses. This set of accounts led to the development of the double entry accounting system .

The birth of accounting by double entry

Historians estimate that double - entry bookkeeping appeared around 1340 in Genoa ( Italy ). The invention of the printing press generalized this method, particularly since the publication of the treatises of Luca Piccolo , whose first work, published in 1494 under the title Summa of Arithmetical, Geometry, Proportion ET Proportionality , enunciates the fundamental principles in the chapter on Accounts and books. 10

Benedetto Collate, born in present-day Dubrovnik in Croatia , then an Adriatic trading city ​​of the Venetian area of ​​influence, named Asparagus , was the first author to whom we have clearly established the use of the double entry method .

Collate lived in Naples much of his life, and was merchant and adviser of the king Ferdinand I of Aragon . His work Della Mercator e Del Mercantile Perfect was written in 1458 . Almost incidentally, he devotes one of his chapters to the way of carrying the accounts mentioning different books: The Memorial, the Journal and the Major , which he calls Quad no . It also lists some general rules for accounting for commercial transactions, but Benedetto's references to merchant accounting are incomplete.

Catullus book took almost one hundred and fifteen years to be printed, which, together with the incompleteness of its exposition, prevents its author in the history of accounting from being awarded a role comparable to that of Luca Piccolo. The work of the latter was printed and known many years before, although written after Benedetto.